Pauline Dy Phon ប៉ូលីន ឌី ផុន née Tan (1933, Krav, Kompong Speu Province, Cambodia ‑21 May 2010) was a Cambodian botanist specialized in the flora of Southeast Asia.
After graduating from the Paris Faculty of Sciences in 1959, Pauline Dy Phon taught at Phnom Penh Lycée Sisowath before becoming a teacher and researcher with the University of Phnom Penh until 1975. She had obtained her doctorate in botanic from Toulouse University in 1969.
After surviving the Khmer Rouge régime, transiting through the Khao I Dang refugee camp and escaping to France — her only written account of the Khmer Rouge period, published in 1982, was a study of “plants in the Khmer diet in normal times and in times of famine” –, she worked at the Botanical Laboratory of the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History), identifying and classifying plants of Cambodia and Indochina. One of the few women botanists then, she was awarded for her discovery of five new species of Papilionaceae, Euchresta Bennet, Gueldenstaedtia Fischer, Medicago Linné, Parochetus Buchanan Hamilton and Tifidacanthus Merril.
In their Historical Dictionary of Cambodia [n 43 in Aseania Historical Dictionaries series, The Scarecrow Press, Lanham (MD) & Oxford, 2003), Justin Corfield and Laura Summers mention Pauline only in the entry dedicated to her husband: “DY PHON (1932- ). A dental surgeon, he studied medicine at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris and married Tan Pauline, who graduated at the same time in Natural Sciences from the Faculty of Science in Paris, both returning to Cambodia in 1959. He became head of the dental surgery section of the Khmer-Soviet Hospital. In 1970 Dy Phon slipped out of Phnom Penh, rallied to the National United Front of Kampuchea and signed the 1971 Declaration of Patriotic Intellectuals. After April 1975 he worked once again at the April 17th Hospital (the renamed Khmer-Soviet Hospital), but as purges of the administration widened, he fell under suspicion of counter-revolutionary activities, and was arrested on 10 December 1978 and taken to Tuol Sieng. He was still there on 7 January 1979 when the Vietnamese freed him.”
Dr. Pauline Dy Phong young (Obituary cover page of Chatomukh journal, Jan. 2010)
On this photo dated 7 Dec. 1979, at Khao I Dang refugee camp, Pauline Dy Phon (right) meets again with an old friend from her student years and colleague, Marie-Augustine Martin (MAM), a reputed ethnographer and botanist who had extensively worked in Cambodia (from G. Condaminas and R. Pottier, Les réfugiés ordinaires de l’Asie du Sud-Est, Paris, 1982)
Selected Bibliography:
1962 Practical works of micrography and plant morphology for the use of students in SPCN-PCB, 2 vol., 200 p, Phnom Penh
1964 List of medicinal plants used in pharmacopoeia in Cambodia, Phnom Penh
1968 Flora and vegetation of the Kirirom plateau and its surroundings, Annales Faculty of Sciences, Phnom Penh University
1970 The vegetation of Southwest Cambodia (published thesis, part I, Annales Faculty of Sciences, Phnom Penh University | 1971 The vegetation of SouthWest Cambodia (part II).
1972 (with M.A. Martin) Botanical Guide to the City of Phnom Penh, Annales Faculty of Sciences, Phnom Penh University
1975 Illustrated Flora of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, with 950 color photos (work lost during the Khmer Rouge era)
1981 (with Jules Émile Vidal) Ecological factors and vegetation of Cambodia, Seksa Khmer, n. 3 – 4
1982 Plants in the Khmer diet in normal times and in times of famine, CEDRASEMI Paris — Brief overview on Cambodian forests, Seksa Khmer, n. 5
1987 (with N.V. Thuân & Nyomdham) Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, Muséum national Histoire naturelle, Paris, Fasc. 23, 258 p.
Kāmboja, a kingdom often mentioned in the Mahābhārata and in the Ramayana, with supposed location in the northwestern part of India, in modern Kabul area, renowned for its warriors and fine horses. Later on, a country visited by Asokas missionaries.
In ancient Indian astrology, a Kādi (subdivision) belonging to Nairṛtī (south-western division referring to a country possibly identified with the Cambodia of Cochin China according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira.
One of the two Mahājanapadas of the Uttarāpatha (Northern District) of ancient India, as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts, presumably not far from Gandhāra, with Nandipura as the only city of the Kambojas mentioned in the inscriptions. "Home of horses," a term related to horses and elephants.
In Ayurvedic medicine, a plant defined with Coccinia grandis. White mimosa.
Kambujadesa, the land of कम्बु Kambu: according to 10th-century traditions, the union between hermit Kambu Swayambhuva and the celestial nymph Mera founded the Cambodian solar royal dynasty (Kambu-Mera), beginning with Chenla ruler Srutavarman and his son Sreshthavarman.
[Kambhoji or Kambodhi, a raga or raganimode in Carnatic music, derived from 28th mela Hari Kambhoji, widely known and developed since the 7th century, often dedicated to Lord Ganesha. Defined as "majestic, auspicious in the devotional register" by Dr. Charulatha Mani and by famed Bollywood music composer A.R. Rahman. Etymology unknown, Kāmbhojī काम्भोजी being one name for Guñjā गुञ्जा, Abrus Precatorius, "red bean" plant. Carnatic music scholars do not exclude the possibility that the name might derive from Cambodia-Kampuchea.]
