Đại Việt, Dai Viet

Dai Viet [Đại Việt] - official name of multiple Vietnamese monarchies in eastern Mainland Southeast Asia from the 10th century CE - end of the Third Chinese Domination - to the early 19th century, centered around the region of present-day Hanoi.

Đại Việt was known by Chinese rulers as the Principality of Giao Chỉ (975–1164) and later the Kingdom of Annam (1164–1804) when Emperor Xiaozong of Song recognized Đại Việt's independence and upgraded its status from principality to kingdom. It lasted until the reign of Gia Long (r. 1802–1820), the first emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, when the name was changed to Việt Nam in 1804.

Initially a hereditary monarchy guided by Mahayana Buddhism, Đại Việt went through several phases of expansion and fragmentation under the rules of no less than eight dynasties, among them the Early Lê (980–1009), the Lý (1009–1226), the Trần (1226–1400), the Later Lê (1428–1789), and the short-lived Tây Sơn dynasty (1778–1802), the latter ending with the victory of the Nguyễn lords from the South.