Dong is an ancient Chinese term for a mountain valley community, especially in the southern and soutwestern regions abutting to 'historic' mainland China. 

In Korea, dong 동 has come to refer to a neighborhood or an administrative sub-district. 

Durga is a major Hindu goddess, worshipped as a principal avatar of mother goddess Mahadevi, associated with protection, strength, motherhood, destruction, and wars. She has different names, including Durgā, Bhadrakālī, Vijayā, Vaiṣṇavī, Kumudā, Caṇḍikā, Kṛṣṇā, Mādhavī, Kanyakā, Māyā, Nārāyaṇī, Īśānī, Śāradā and Ambikā. 

In Shaktism (goddess-centric sect), she is Devi (the Goddess), primordial creator of the universe, and in the Bhagavata purana she is Vishnu's younger sister. In Indian representations - in particular at Aihole Temple - Mahishasura Mardini Durga has eight arms, carrying the weapons and attributes given to her by male deities: the trident (given by Shiva), the Chakra (Vishnu), the conch (Varuna), the Pasha an iron rod (Yama), the dart (Agni), the bow (Vayu), the quiver and arrows (Surya), the thuderbolt (Indra), the mace (Kubera), the rosary and a water pot (Brahma), the sword and shield (Kala), the battle axe (Vishwakarma), the lion (Himavan), a disc and a lotus, a bell, etc...She is standing in the Tribhanga pose (three bends), legs apart, left leg pressing down the buffalo demon.

Across Indonesian islands, Durga was the most common representation among ancient sculptures of female deities. Durga statues have been discovered at stone temples and archaeological sites in Vietnam, likely related to Champa or Cham dynasty era. 

In Cambodian art, Durga, in particular in the Mahishasurmardini form, was revered since the oldest recorded times. An 1.65 meter-high statue was retrieved at what has been supposed to be the site of the main temple of King Ishanavarman of Chenla (r. c. 615–628 C.E.) in Ishanapura (Sambor Prei Kuk). 

In modern Cambodia, the Indian community has started to give social resonance to the celebration of Durga Puja, the festival observed usually in September or October, from the sixth (Shashti) to the tenth day of the bright lunar fortnight in the Hindu lunar calendar month of Ashvin, concluding with Durga Visarjan (immersion of the idol).

Dvārapāla are the guardians of the gates represented at the doors of most Cambodian temples and pagodas, ancient and modern.

In the Maharabharata, they are Yakshas, ambivalent spirits.

Dai Viet [Đại Việt] - official name of multiple Vietnamese monarchies in eastern Mainland Southeast Asia from the 10th century CE - end of the Third Chinese Domination - to the early 19th century, centered around the region of present-day Hanoi. 

Đại Việt was known by Chinese rulers as the Principality of Giao Chỉ (975–1164) and later the Kingdom of Annam (1164–1804) when Emperor Xiaozong of Song recognized Đại Việt's independence and upgraded its status from principality to kingdom. It lasted until the reign of Gia Long (r. 1802–1820), the first emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, when the name was changed to Việt Nam in 1804. 

Initially a hereditary monarchy guided by Mahayana Buddhism, Đại Việt went through several phases of expansion and fragmentation under the rules of no less than eight dynasties, among them the Early Lê (980–1009), the Lý (1009–1226), the Trần (1226–1400), the Later Lê (1428–1789), and the short-lived Tây Sơn dynasty (1778–1802), the latter ending with the victory of the Nguyễn lords from the South. 

Gambhireshvara, an avatar of Lord Shiva.

Inner sanctuary or altar room containing the main deity of the temple. In Indian ancient science of architecture (vāstuvidyā), the sanctum sanctorum where the presiding deity is installed.

According to Dr. Sarita Ranjan, "beneath the mandala’s central square is the space for the formless shapeless all pervasive all connecting universal spirit, the Purusha. This space is sometimes referred to as Garbhagriha - a small, perfect square, windowless, enclosed space without ornamentation that represents universal essence."

One Khmer inscription, K.809 N:3 (878/87 CE), mentions śivagarbha as a sanctuary dedicated to Shiva as a toponym.

Garuda is described as an eagle-like sunbird deity, the king of birds and, in Hindu mythology, the vehicle (vahana) of Vishnu. "Lord of the garudas" is also one of the epithets of Shiva.

In Vedic tradition, personification of courage, a potent creature who can stop the spinning of the worlds its wing flapping, the younger brother of Aruna, the driver of sun god Surya. Garuda is the one attempting to stop Rāvaṇa from abducting Sītā, as described in the Rāmāyaṇa and the Viṣṇu Purāṇa.

In Cambodian tradition, the powerful bird, a companion of Vishnu (ព្រះនារាយណ៍, Preah Neareay), fights the evil forces, its image protecting temples and houses. He is the one who moved Mount Mandara and stole the amrita for the benefit of the gods in the Churning of the Sea of Milk, an essential part of Khmer mythology. Initially an enemy of the nagas, the image of the Khmer garuda evolves into a mythical creature embracing the nagas, a fusion denoting its "evolution from Vishnu's vahana to a protective figure of Khmer Buddhism" (J. Boisselier 1951).

Gopura in Indian architecture refers to a tower above a gateway or archway, "towers at the entrances of a temple". The term is also used as saṃdoha, a "meeting place" of the Yoginis. 

Harihara represents a syncretic form of Śiva and Viṣṇu. The fusional aspect of the deity derives from philosophical traditions in which Vishnu is said as being the shakti of Shiva, or Shiva is the one-who-knows (jñata) and Vishnu the knowledge (jñāna).

Harihara is often represented in the Khmer iconic tradition as  four-armed, anthropomorphic form with the left side of the statue being Hari (Vishnu) with the cylindrical mitre (kirtamukuta), and the right Hara (Shiva) with the high crown of tangled locks (jatamukuta). It has been speculated that Harihara became a popular icon in the 7th-8th centuries as the rulers of the north ("Chenla"), followers of Shiva, wanted to ascertain their territorial aspirations and political aspirations over the south ("Funan"), where Vishnu was widely revered. Paul Lavy, however, argued that this explanation based on the assumption that Saivism and Visnavaism could have been rival sects in ancient Southeast Asia. 

Hariharalaya ហរិហរាល័យ was the name of the pre-Angkor capital city founded by Jayavarman II at the end of the 8 th century in the Siem Reap area now called Roluos រលួស, the remains being the royal temples of Preah Ko, Bakong, and Lolei.

An ingot is a mass of metal that has been cast into a size and shape (bar, plate, sheet) to be stored, exchanged, or worked on into a semi-finished or finished product.

Jambūdvīpa (जम्बूद्वीप) is the name of one of the seven divisions or continents (concentric or not) of the world - often the central, inhabited, centered arount Mount Meru one -, that can be confined to India or be divided in nine parts, one of which being Bharatavarsa [India]. 

To refer to King Ashoka the Great's dominion - "Empire" -, the Inscriptions of Ashoka use "a word meaning ‘here’, indicating the royal household or the capital city or the entire dominions of Asoka. In some cases, the empire is mentioned, in accordance with an ancient Indian convention, as either the Earth or Jambudvipa meaning the earth or its part containing Bharatavarsha." (D.C. Sircar) 

Initially the study of horoscope, the term Jātaka evolved into the Buddhist notion of "birth story", in particular stories related to the former births of the Buddha, and later to the birth of who is destined to be a Buddha in the future. 

Written around the 3d century CE, the Jataka was a vast compendium of folk tales and mythic literature, primarily associated with the Theravada Buddhist tradition written in Pali. Telling the stories related to the birth of the Buddha became one of the nine types of teaching (sūtra) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha.

In Cambodian Buddhist tradition, it includes stories (រឿងរ៉ាវ rungreav) of edifying past experiences, such as 'the ten stories', as told by the Buddha Sakyamuni ('All-Knowing'). 

1. Kāmboja, a kingdom often mentioned in the Mahābhārata and in the Ramayana, with supposed location in the northwestern part of India, in modern Kabul area, renowned for its warriors and fine horses. Later on, a country visited by Asokas missionaries.
2. In ancient Indian astrology, a Kādi (subdivision) belonging to Nairṛtī (south-western division referring  to a country possibly identified with the Cambodia of Cochin China according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira.
3. One of the two Mahājanapadas of the Uttarāpatha (Northern District) of ancient India, as recorded in the Pāli Buddhist texts, presumably not far from Gandhāra, with Nandipura as the only city of the Kambojas mentioned in the inscriptions. "Home of horses," a term related to horses and elephants.
4. In Ayurvedic medicine, a plant defined with Coccinia grandis. White mimosa.
5. Kambujadesa, the land of कम्बु Kambu: according to 10th-century traditions, the union between hermit Kambu Swayambhuva and the celestial nymph Mera founded the Cambodian solar royal dynasty (Kambu-Mera), beginning with Chenla ruler Srutavarman and his son Sreshthavarman.
6. [Kambhoji or Kambodhi, a raga or ragani mode in Carnatic music, derived from 28th mela Hari Kambhoji, widely known and developed since the 7th century, often dedicated to Lord Ganesha. Defined as "majestic, auspicious in the devotional register" by Dr. Charulatha Mani and by famed Bollywood music composer A.R. Rahman. Etymology unknown, Kāmbhojī काम्भोजी being one name for Guñjā गुञ्जा, Abrus Precatorius, "red bean" plant. Carnatic music scholars do not exclude the possibility that the name might derive from Cambodia-Kampuchea.]

1. Kambu, synonym of elephant.
2. In ancient India, a conch, a conch-shell.
3. A bracelet.
4. Kaṃbudhara [kannada ಕಂಬುಧರ]: Viṣṇu [Vishnu], who holds a conch in his hand.

Keshanta (Keśānta) is a Brahmanic ceremony for the shaving of hair. According to Manu, the keśānta-saṃskāra is performed for a brāhmaṇa in his sixteenth year, for a kṣatriya in the twenty second and for a vaiśya in the twenty fourth of his age.

A Lao mouth organ mostly made of bamboo, with pipes connected with a small, hollowed-out hardwood reservoir into which air is blown. National instrument of Laos, with khene music inscribed in 2017 on UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Used among the ethnic Lao Isan, some Tai ethnic groups such as Tai dam in north Vietnam, Muong people, and Lao population of the province of Stung Treng, Cambodia. In Cambodia, central element in lakhon ken ល្ខោនគែន, dance drama genre featuring the khene as main instrument.

Klon [or glawn, gaun] is a Thai and Lao term referring to 1) poetic verse in general, 2) a specific prosodic form in Thai and Lao poetic traditions.

kram: in middle period Cambodia, referred to proceeding, succession, order, justice, customary law, ordinance. "Cau krama" (IMA 30: 23-4), ‘head of law', judge, magistrate’. 

Law codes were called kram, subsisting in modern times as in រាជក្រម reachkram: "royal code, royal edict". ក្រមការ kramkara, "order", "code of conduct", also meant "official, functionary" in middle period.

Kshatriya: one of the four varnas of Hindu society representing warrior aristocracy, along with Brahmins, Vaishyas, and Shudras. An administrator or a warrior.

Paul Pelliot has argued that the kings of Chenla, who were kstariya, could not directly descend from Kaundinya [Preah Thong], who was a brahmin. In Vaishnavism it is stated that the kstariya, ruling class, must govern the world in accordance with the rules and regulations enacted by great brāhmaṇas and saintly persons. 

In Cambodia, there was a frequent mix of warrior and priest/scholar classes, a blend that led to a new group called Brahmakshatriyas. For instance, the K. 359 inscription from the 6th century reports the union of Brahmin Somasraman to a sister of King Bhavavarman I, himself a ksatriya. Several kings of Chenla bore the title Ksatriya in their ruler name, and the term came to mean "king" or "queen" in Khmer language. 

An indigenous ethnic group with native lands ranging from Khorat Plateau (Northeast Thailand) to the banks of the Mekong River in southern Laos and south to north central Cambodia. One of the "hill tribes", with more than 30,000 identified in modern Cambodia. Known as the "iron masters" of Ancient Cambodia, specializing in iron mining and processing, especially in the Kompong Thom/Preah Vihear area. 

Kuy (often Kuay among contemporary linguists) is a Katuic language of the Mon-Khmer language family. Three major dialects of the Kuy language have been identified: ntra, ntua and mla.