Angkor Database

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Archaeology

Les "marches" d'Angkor | Guide archéologique du Cambodge | Archaeological Guide of Cambodia T. VI

by Bruno Bruguier

The spatial development of pre-Angkorean and Angkorean religious and social systems in a vast area spreading from Tonle Sap Lake...

In French

Les Ruines d'Angkor | The Ruins of Angkor (1913)

One of the first (silent) documentaries on Angkor, produced for a French educational film program.

In English & French

Music at Angkor

A compilation of the imagery of musicians and musical instruments across bas-reliefs in Angkor Wat, Banteay Srei and the Bayon.

In English

A l'ombre d'Angkor | In the Shadow of Angkor

by George Groslier

An inspired and perceptive exploration of the remains of the Ancient Khmer civilization at the start of the colonial era.

In French

A First-Century Stele from Sriksetra

by Pamela Gutman & Bob Hudson

The spread of Saivist and Buddhist influences into Pyu communities of ancient Burma.

In English

Henri Mouhot, premier explorateur du Laos (1826-1861)

A documented profile of the later-acclaimed explorer, who had died in Laos and whose fame had not been yet established.

In French

En sampan sur les lacs du Cambodge et a Angkor

by Frédéric Gas-Faucher

A colorful description of Cambodia, its geography and its people at the turn of the century.

In French

Angkor Empire: A History of the Khmer of Cambodia

by George Benjamin Walker

Far from cold scientific studies, an endearing invocation of Angkor and its ancient civilization by an Indian historian, poet and...

Southeast Asian Archaelogy Bibliographic Database

Over 17,000 bibliographic references on Southeast Asian, Indian and Chinese archaelogy.

In English, French, Thai & Dutch

Notice sur le Royaume de Khmer ou de Kambodge

by Vinh Ky Truong

The earliest contribution on Angkor published in an European scientific journal by a Southeastasian scholar.

In French

Nouvelle géographie universelle, La terre et les hommes, VIII: L'Inde et l'Indo-Chine

by Élisée Reclus

The astonishingly vivid and detailed Geography of India and Indochina by French free-thinker Élisée Reclus.

In French

Northeast Thailand before Angkor

by Sarah Talbot & Chutima Janthed

Evidence from an archaeological excavation at the Prasat Hin Phimai in the 2000s.

In English

Voyage dans l'Indo-Chine, 1848-1856

by C.-E. Bouillevaux

Nearly twenty years before the "re-discoverer" of Angkor Henri Mouhot, a tireless Catholic missionary did visit the ancient Khmer city.

Death and Mortuary Rituals in Mainland Southeast Asia: From Hunter-Gatherers to the God Kings of Angkor

by Charles F. H. Higham

A journey in time from elite burial rituals in the Neolithic Age to the "temple mausolea" of Angkor.

In English

Angkor: An Introduction

by George Coedès

'In the minds of the Khmers, these ruins were never inert buildings without souls, but monuments with a vital quality...

In English

BKI - Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia and Oceania

One of the oldest publications dedicated to Southeast Asian studies.

Two Yoginis of Hevajra from Thailand

Two female dancers statuettes discovered in the 1950s and what they tell us about Khmer art and religion, Tantric Buddhism...

In English

The Life of the Ramayana in Ancient Cambodia: A Study of the Political, Religious and Ethical Roles of an Epic Tale in Real Time

by Sophearith Siyonn

A remarkable study in the Cambodian version of Ramayana through epigraphic and iconographic sources.

In English

SPAFA Journal

An open access resource on cultural and archaelogical research across Southeast Asia.

THe Bay of Bengal Interaction Sphere (1000 BC – AD 500)

More about the BBIS (Bay of Bengal Interaction Sphere).

In English

Dance and Drama on Cambodian Temples

A short survey on dance and drama reflected by Angkorean temples inscriptions, bas-reliefs and statuary.

In English

The First Golden Civilization of Cambodia: Unexpected Archaeological Discoveries

by Andreas Reinecke & Sophady Heng & Sonetra Seng & Laychour Vin

Recent discoveries in the field of Prehistoric Cambodia.

In English

Music and Dance in Ancient Cambodia as Evidenced by Old Khmer Epigraphy

Author(s): Saveros Pou Source:

In English

The Angkorian city: From Hariharalaya to Yashodharapura

by Miriam T. Stark & Alison K. Carter & Piphal Heng & Rachna Chhay

An exhaustive update on contemporary archaelogical finds, and what we do know about the urbanistic development of the Angkorian city.

In English

The Archaelogy of early contact with India and the Mediterranean World, from the 4th century BC to the 4th century AD

by Bérénice Bellina-Pryce & Ian Glover

How global trade, spices and maritime routes impacted the links between India and ancient Southeast Asia.

In English

Coastal Connectivity: Long-Term Trading Networks Across the South China Sea

by Kim Dung Nguyen & Peter Bellwood & Mike T. Carson

The prehistory of cultural and commercial exchanges across the South China Sea and mainland Southeast Asia.

In English

Indian Cultural Influence in Cambodia

by Bijan Raj Chatterji

A reference study on early Cambodia, Angkor civilization and its links to Indian culture.

In English

Cambodian Krishna at the Cleveland Museum: A Digital Feast

“Revealing Krishna: Journey to Cambodia’s Sacred Mountain’'.

In English

Le Cambodge, II Les provinces siamoises | The Siamese Provinces

by Etienne Aymonier

The Khmer cultural and artistic heritage in the Siamese sphere of influence at the turn of the 20th century.

In French

The Overland Trading Route between the Khmer Empire and the Champa Kingdoms

by Ky-Phuong Tran

The land routes linking two neighbors, foes and trade partners, and the mutual influences in Khmer and Cham cultures.

In English

Conflicting Conceptions of the State: Siam, France and Vietnam in the Late Nineteenth Century

by Martin Stuart-Fox

Political entities and terminology in early and pre-modern Southeast Asia

In English

The Devatas of Chau Say Tevoda Temple

The remarkable devatas of a precious temple in Angkor Thom

The Chau Say Tevoda and Ta Keo Restoration Projects

Two major restauration projects in Angkor Thom led by the Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage (CACH)

In English & Chinese

Khmer Art Worldwide

Khmer Art at The National Gallery of Australia

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #15 in Khmer Art Worlwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Bronze Reclining Vishnu – West Mebon

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #13 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Vajimukha - Prasat Neang Khmau

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #12 in Khmer Art Worlwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Shiva and Uma, Husband and Wife - Banteay Srei

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #11 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Leper King or Yama – Terrace of the Leper King

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #10 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Harihara - Phnom Da

by Andy Brouwer

Entry#9 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Lintel - Prasat Sralao

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #8 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

The Battle of Bhima versus Duryodhana – Prasat Chen, Koh Ker

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #6 in Khmer Art Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

King Jayavarman VII in Angkor Thom

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #5 in Khmer Art Worldwide Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

Shiva Ardhanarishvara (“God is a Half-Woman”), I

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #2, Khmer Art Worldwide Photo Collection by Andy Brouwer

Khmer Art Worldwide

The Strange "Exchange" of Khmer Art Between EFEO and Japan, 1941

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #4, Khmer Art Worldwide Photo Collection

Khmer Art Worldwide

The Giant Garuda of Koh Ker

by Andy Brouwer

Entry #1, Khmer Art Worldwide Photo Collection by Andy Brouwer

The (Murky) Origin of the Tokyo National Museum Collection of Khmer Art

by Sadao Fujihara

Ancient Khmer sculptures as "political gifting": the controversial case of cultural exchanges between Colonial France and Imperial Japan during World...

In French & Japanese

The Origins of the Sukhodaya (Sukhot'ai) Art

by H.G. Quaritch Wales

A well-balanced study on cultural and artistic exchanges around ancient Southeast Asia, summarizing the author's original view on the Indianization...

In English

Asian Historical Architecture

Photo depository on early Asian architecture nurtured by numerous contributors around the world

A New Voyage Round The World

by William Dampier

Adventurer and gifted explorer William Dampier's view on early Southeast Asia

In English

Le Royaume de Champa | The Kingdom of Champa

by Georges Maspero

Mainly based on Chinese sources and local inscriptions, the formidable study on the Kingdom of Champa and what it tells...

In French & Chinese

L'armement et l'organisation de l'armée khmere au XIIeme et XIIIeme siecles | Khmer Weaponry and Military Structure 12th-13th centuries

by Michel Jacq-Hergoual'ch

How the rulers of Angkor borrowed from foreign technology and from local traditions to develop an original military structure

Angkor Thom, une utopie réalisée? | Angkor Thom, a Fulfilled Utopia?

by Jacques Gaucher

Space Organization and Indian urbanistic model in Ancient Cambodia.

In French

L'Annam et le Cambodge, Voyages et récits historiques

by C.-E. Bouillevaux

With a map of "Indochina", an expanded version of Pere Bouillevaux's 1858 book.

In French

Organisation religieuse et profane du temple khmer du VIIeme au XIIIeme siècle | The Khmer Temple in the 7th-13th centuries, Religious and Secular Organization

by Dominique Soutif

The ceremonial and social role of the temple space in early Cambodia reconstructed through inscriptions

In French

カンボジア，アンコールトム城門の建造過程 | The Building Phases of Gates at Angkor Thom

by Hiroki Hattori & Shin-ichi Nishimoto & Sokuntheary So & Takeshi Nakagawa

The three stages of the building of Angkor Thom gates

In Japanese

Dix-huit mois de recherches archéologiques au Cambodge | Archaelogical Research, a 18-month campaign in Cambodia

by Robert Dalet

Far from Angkor, an archeological journey through Cambodia that led to many important discoveries in the 1930s

In French

2017 Inventory of Khmer Inscriptions

by Dominique Soutif & Julia Estève

With 1,360 entries, this inventory of Khmer inscriptions will be soon updated, reaching 1,562 'K." numbers

In French

CIK (Corpus des Inscriptions Khmeres) | Inventory of Khmer Inscriptions

The ongoing revision and expansion of the Inventory of Khmer Inscriptions within the CIK-EFEO Project

DHARMA Project

A transnational project on epigraphy and philology, including the corpus of Khmer inscriptions

Angkor Wat, Time Space and Kingship

by Eleanor Mannikka

An exploration of the spatial and numerological organization of Angkor Wat

In English

៨០០ឆ្នាំក្រោយមក អាជ្ញាធរអប្សរាជួសជុលកំពែងក្រុងអង្គរធំឡើងវិញ | Angkor and Beyond Series Thmey Thmey

by Thmey Thmey 25 & Apsara Authority

About the latest major works in the Angkor perimeter, including the renovation of Angkor Thom enclosure wall

In Khmer

柬埔寨通史 | The History of Cambodia

by Lisheng Duan

A reference essay on Cambodian history and culture by Chinese historian Duan Lisheng

In Chinese

柬埔寨通史 | The History of Cambodia | Paperback

by Lisheng Duan

A reference essay on Cambodian history and culture by Chinese historian Duan Lisheng

In Chinese

The Major Role of the Mons in Southeast Asia

Mon and Mon-Khmer tribes came from the North, not from the South: new insights on an old controversy among linguists...

In English

លោកហង់រីម៉ាហ្សាល់, ស្ទើរមួយជីវិតដើម្បីអភិរក្សជួសជុល និងស្រាវជ្រាវតំបន់អង្គរ, Henri Marchal

A portrait of Henri Marchal, "the most Cambodian of all famous French archaelogists"

In Khmer

តើមានមនុស្សប៉ុន្មាននាក់ដែលបានរស់នៅអង្គរ (How many people lived at Angkor ?)

by Alison K. Carter

A didactic presentation of the latest research on Angkor demographics.

In Khmer

Diachronic modeling of the population within the medieval Greater Angkor Region settlement complex

by Sarah Klassen & Damian Evans & Roland Fletcher & Christophe Pottier & Miriam T. Stark & Alison K. Carter & Piphal Heng & Martin Polkinghorne

The first systematic and multidisciplinary study on demographics in Angkor, concluding that population reached 700 to 900,000 inhabitants at its peak.

Phum Lovea: A moated precursor to the pura of Cambodia?

by Dougald W. O'Reilly & Louise Shewan

Burial sites show early similarities between different cultures around Southeast Asia.

In English

Des mots khmers désignant les 'documents écrits' | Khmer Terminology for Written Documents

From stone inscriptions to actual books on paper, the terminology of written words and their support

In French

Unearthing an Atlantean Myth in Angkor

by Christophe Pottier & Dan Penny & Mitch Hendrickson

Unearthing an Atlantean myth in Angkor: geoarchaeological investigation of the ‘underwater road’ crossing the Tonle Sap Lake

In English

Designs of Kings and Farmers: Landscape Systems of the Greater Angkor Urban Complex

by Scott Geoffrey Hawken

Centralized and decentralized land management in Ancient Angkor

In English

Laos Jars Are Slowly Revealing Their Secrets

by Louise Shewan & Dougald W. O'Reilly & Thonglith Luangkhoth

The mystery of the Plain of Jars, in modern Laos, and what it teaches us about ancient burial rites in...

In English

ПУТЕШЕСТВІЕ ГОСУДАРЯ ИМПЕРАТОРА НИКОЛАЯ II НА ВОСТОКЪ (ВЪ 1890—1891) | Travel of Emperor Nikolai II to the East

by E. E. Ukhtomsky

Siam, Annam, and (indirectly) Cambodia in this recollection of Tsarevich Nikolai II's travel to Asia.

In Russian

Power and Pragmatism in the Political Economy of Angkor

by Eileen Lustig

A broad study of politics, economics and the specificity of the Angkorean State.

In English

Corpus of Khmer Inscriptions Online /SEAlang

More than half of the some 1,200 Khmer inscriptions retrieved and deciphered are searchable online and indexed by location, date, idiom.

Recherches sur les Cambodgiens

by George Groslier

George Groslier's encyclopaedia-like sum on the Ancient Khmer civilization, "d'après les textes et les monuments depuis les premiers siècles de...

In French

Inland Angkor, Coastal Kedah: Landscapes, Subsistence Systems and State Development in Early SEA

Unconventional approach of two 'success stories' in the process of state formation across Southeast Asia, inland Angkor and coastal Kedah...

In English

Early Mainland Southeast Asian Landscapes in the First Millennium A.D.

by Miriam T. Stark

A useful synthesis of what we know about Mainland Southeast Asia before the development of larger polities, cities-states and empires

In English

A Historiography of Angkor’s River Network

by Veronica Walker Vadillo

How road transportation took precedence over fluvial and lake navigation in the development of 13th-century Angkor.

In English & Khmer

Arteries of Empire

by Mitch Hendrickson

An operational study of transport and communication in Angkorian Southeast Asia (9th to 15th centuries CE)

In English

New findings on 11th-Century Buriram Iron Furnaces

The group of Khmer sanctuaries in the Buriram Province of Thailand has been shortlisted to the UNESCO World Heritage List.

In Thai

Les archives de la Conservation d'Angkor, Dans les pas des archéologues (Angkor Conservation Archives)

by École Française d´Extrême-Orient (EFEO)

Archaeologist Christophe Pottier and Archivist MEY Sovannara present the Conservation d'Angkor archives, a real historic treasure.

In French

Angkor Conservation, Digitized Collections

EFEO is developing the digitization of the Conservation d'Angkor Archives, from 1908 to 1992.

Solstice Alignments at Angkor Wat and Nearby Temples: Connecting to the Cycles of Time

by William F. Romain

Comparative solstice alignement of seven major Angkorean monuments in relation to Phnom Kulen and Kbal Spean

In English

Les curieuses inscriptions du Cambodge (Curious Cambodian Inscriptions)

by Éric Bourdonneau

What make the ancient inscriptions of Cambodia so particular.

In French

West Mebon, Temple and Lake

by École Française d´Extrême-Orient (EFEO)

True to the spirit of late archaeologist Pascal Royère, the documentary shows the intricate and huge teamwork behind a fascinating...

In English, French & Khmer

Top-down and bottom-up water management: A diachronic model of changing water management strategies at Angkor

by Sarah Klassen & Damian Evans

How the study of water management through times inform us about population density and social organization in early and medieval...

In English

Visions of Angkor by...Carl Werntz

by Carl Newland Werntz

Photographic essays or paintings by famous or budding artists. A forum for creators, a compilation of reference visual arts renditions...

The Western Top Temple’s Stone Blocks

by Sok Keo Sovannara

Preliminary introduction to the Inscriptions, Graffiti, Marks and Sketched Designs in Prasat Top Lech, previously known as Monument 486.

In English

Visions of Angkor by...Lois Conner

Photographic essays by famous or budding photographers. A forum for young and confirmed talents, a compilation of reference visual arts...

The Oldest Verse Inscription in Khmer

by Trent Walker

The Oldest Verse Inscription in Khmer សិលាចារឹកភាសាខ្មែរចាស់ជាងគេដែលសរេសរជាពាក្យកាព្យ

In Khmer

A Visit to the Ruined Cities and Buildings of Cambodia

by Adolf P. W. Bastian

An early exploration of Angkor and surrounding temples by German anthropologist Adolf Bastian.

In English

In Search of Tambralinga's Heartland

by Wannasarn Noonsuk

New findings on regional kingdoms with links to Funan, Angkor and the development and collapse of the Khmer Empire.

In English & Thai

Temple Occupation and The Tempo of Collapse at Angkor Wat

by Miriam T. Stark & Piphal Heng & Alison K. Carter

Ground occupation and industrial activity as indicators for the timing of the decline and fall of Angkor as a regional...

In English

Henri Marchal, un architecte à Angkor

by École Française d´Extrême-Orient (EFEO) & Henri Marchal

How a young architect became one of the greatest archaeologists and conservators at Angkor.

In French

Histoire architecturale du Baphuon / The Baphuon, Architectural History & Chronology

by Pascal Royère

How the particular spatial organization of this version of the 'temple-mountain' prefigured Angkor Wat.

In French

Le site de Koh Ker et le regne de Jayavarman IV/ Koh Ker and Jayavarman IV

by Chanratana Chen

Probably the most complete study on Koh Ker and the reign of Jayavarman IV.

In French

De l’ancienneté de Hariharālaya / A Bakong Inscription and the Datation of Hariharalaya City

by Christophe Pottier & Dominique Soutif

An epigraphic study on one of the major urban centers preceding Angkor, Hariharalaya.

In French

Inscriptions du Phnom Kulen: Corpus existant et inscriptions inédites, une mise en contexte / Phnom Kulen Inscriptions

by Jean-Baptiste "JB" Chevance

20 inscriptions in the Phnom Kulen area tell us about the persistence of religious traditions associated to the 'temple-mountain' from...

In French

Quelques précisions sur la fin du Fou-Nan / A Few Clarifications on Funan Collapse

by George Coedès

The end years of Funan revisited by eminent Sanskritist George Coedes.

In French